An Adjustable-Speed PFC Bridge less Buck–Boost Converter-Fed BLDC Motor Drive

Abstract

 

Efficiency and cost are the major concerns in the development of low-power motor drives targeting household applications such as fans, water pumps, blowers, mixers, etc. The use of the brushless direct current (BLDC) motor in these applications is becoming very common due to features of high efficiency, high flux density per unit volume, low maintenance requirements, and low electromagnetic-interference problems. These BLDC motors are not limited to household applications, but these are suitable for other applications such as medical equipment, transportation, HVAC, motion control, and many industrial tools [2].A BLDC motor has three phase windings on the stator and permanent magnets on the rotor. The BLDC motor is also known as an electronically commutated motor because an electronic commutation based on rotor position is used rather than a mechanical commutation which has disadvantages like sparking and wear and tear of brushes and commutator assembly. Hence, a DBR followed by a power factor corrected (PFC) converter is utilized for improving the power quality at ac mains. Many topologies of the single-stage PFC converter are reported in the literature which has gained importance because of high efficiency as compared to two-stage PFC converters due to low component count and a single switch for dc link voltage control and PFC operation. The choice of mode of operation of a PFC converter is a critical issue because it directly affects the cost and rating of the components used in the PFC converter. The continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) are the two modes of operation in which a PFC converter is designed to operate. In CCM, the current in the inductor or the voltage across the intermediate capacitor remains continuous, but it requires the sensing of two voltages (dc link voltage and supply voltage) and input side current for PFC operation, which is not cost-effective. On the other hand, DCM requires a single voltage sensor for dc link voltage control, and inherent PFC is achieved at the ac mains, but at the cost of higher stresses on the PFC converter switch. Hence, DCM is preferred for low-power applications .The conventional PFC scheme of the BLDC motor drive utilizes a pulse width- modulated voltage source inverter (PWM-VSI) for speed control with a constant dc link voltage .This offers higher switching losses in VSI as the switching losses increase as a square function of switching frequency. As the speed of the BLDC motor is directly proportional to the applied dc link voltage, hence, the speed control is achieved by the variable dc link voltage of VSI. This allows the fundamental frequency switching of VSI (i.e., electronic commutation) and offers reduced switching losses

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