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Smart City Solution | Smart Dustbin Garbage Monitor System (Assembled), 100% Tested

Abstract

The Smart Dustbin Garbage Monitor System, designed for smart city applications, helps automate waste management by using IR sensor technology. This system detects when a dustbin is full and triggers an alert, making it easier for municipal authorities to manage garbage collection efficiently. The project is built around a reliable IR sensor, comparator IC LM393, and a relay for triggering an alarm or indicator light. The system activates when the garbage level in the dustbin interrupts the IR beam, providing a simple yet effective solution for monitoring waste levels.

The IR sensor continuously emits a beam, which is detected by a photodiode mounted at the top of the dustbin. When the bin fills up and interrupts the beam, the system detects the obstruction and signals an alert, such as an alarm or light, indicating that the dustbin is full. This solution is ideal for implementing in smart cities where automated monitoring of waste bins is essential for efficient waste management.

  • IR-Based Monitoring: The system uses an IR beam to monitor the fill level of the dustbin. When the bin is full, the beam is interrupted, and an alarm is triggered.
  • No Complex Sensors: Unlike other expensive solutions, this system relies on a simple, cost-effective IR sensor, making it affordable and easy to deploy.
  • Automated Alerts: The system sends out an alert when the dustbin is full, ensuring timely waste disposal.

System Functionality :

  • IR Beam Detection: The IR sensor sends a continuous beam across the dustbin opening. When the waste reaches the level that interrupts this beam, the system detects it.
  • Photodiode Response: The photodiode stops conducting when the IR beam is blocked by the waste, signaling that the bin is full.
  • Alarm Activation: The LM393 comparator IC processes the signal, and when the beam is interrupted, the connected relay activates an alert system (buzzer or LED) to indicate the full bin.

Components Used :

  • IR Sensor
    Description: Mounted at the top of the dustbin, it emits an infrared beam that is used to detect the level of garbage inside the bin.
  • Photo Diode
    Description: Placed opposite the IR sensor, this diode detects the IR beam. When the beam is interrupted, the diode stops conducting and triggers the alarm.
  • LM393 Comparator IC
    Description: A dual differential comparator IC that processes the signal from the photodiode and triggers the relay when the beam is interrupted.
  • Relay
    Description: Switches the alert system (such as a buzzer or LED) on and off when the comparator IC detects a full bin.
  • Buzzer/LED Indicator
    Description: Provides a visual or audible alert when the dustbin is full, making it easy to identify when the bin needs to be emptied.
  • Power Supply (5V)
    Description: The system operates on a 5V DC power supply, making it suitable for integration with USB power sources or external adapters.

Circuit Diagram :

The circuit is set up as follows:

  1. Connect the positive terminal of the IR sensor to the input of the comparator IC (LM393).
  2. The output of the photodiode is connected to the input of the comparator IC.
  3. The comparator IC is connected to the relay, which switches the alarm or indicator.
  4. The system is powered by a 5V DC supply.

Conclusion :

The Smart Dustbin Garbage Monitor System is an ideal solution for modern smart city applications. By using simple IR sensor technology, it provides an automated, cost-effective method of monitoring waste levels in bins and sending timely alerts when they are full. This system helps ensure efficient waste management, reducing manual monitoring and improving sanitation efforts in urban areas. Perfect for smart city initiatives, this system makes waste management smarter and more efficient.