LDR based Darkness Detecting, Ready Kit, 100% Tested -

LDR based Darkness Detecting, Ready Kit, 100% Tested

Abstract

LDR based Darkness Detecting circuit is presented here is based on the readily available LDR, comparator IC LM393 and relay. The LDR is used as the light intensity detector while IC LM393 used as comparator. In the absence of light, no light falls on the photo sensor. As a result photo sensor stop conducting and piezo buzzer alarm indicates darkness. However, when light falls on the photo sensor photo sensor starts conducting and piezo alarm stays off.

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Complete working video can be seen from

https://youtu.be/O3xPCr-gjx0

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Application of the circuit:

Most of the LDR based circuits available in market use one or another kind of LDR which increases the cost and also require complicated circuitry around it. But this LDR based circuit uses readily available LDR as light detector. The functioning of this LDR based Darkness Detecting system is used to detect interruption in light and automatically activate the piezo buzzer in absence of light. Piezo buzzer alarm continuously indicating the absence of light till light falls on the LDR.

Why this particular circuit:

LDR used here as a light detector. The variation in intensity of light wanted can be easily done by interrupting light using hand palm. The circuit operates normally over a DC voltage of 5V which can be obtained by DC supply cable.

Explained working of circuit:

The basic idea behind the circuit operation is to turn ON the piezo buzzer alarm in absence of light. The LDR is needed for this purpose. LDR is photoelectric device as it converts light energy to electric energy. Here, LDR based Darkness Detecting system works as light detector while LDR working as light sensor that glows LED. IC LM393 is used as comparator. LDR output is connected as input to comparator. Pin no. 4 of LM393 is pulled towards ground.Relay is used as a switch. When relay is activated, normally closed contact becomes open and normally open contact becomes closed. In normal condition, light falls on LDR and piezo buzzer alarm stays off. Now consider second scenario when light irrupts, the piezo buzzer alarm in the absence of light.

How to build:

First of all read the given manual thoroughly and study the circuit given in the figure. Also have look at PCB and components supplied along with the kit. Each component has to be soldered in its position on PCB.

Identification of resistors is done by color coding. The color band on each resistor corresponds to its exact value.

There are different methods in which values are defined on capacitors. But usually values are specified numerically on them.

Can you make out the whole working of circuit and are you able to identify each component separately as to where each of them has to be placed?

If yes only then proceed further to actually mounting and soldering the parts.

Not ICs but their sockets are to be soldered on PCB. This is to make mounting and dismounting of ICs easy while troubleshooting.

Start from left most corner of PCB and solder the components one by one on their correct position on PCB.

Before soldering any component see that you have placed it at its right position and with correct polarity. Give due attention to diodes and electrolytic capacitors as they are polarity dependent.

Do the soldering of other components in the same way while keeping in mind that components with long and sensitive leads like capacitors and transistors are soldered last.